First Trimester Bleeding: What’s Normal and What’s Not?

Spotting or bleeding in the first trimester can be alarming, but it’s more common than you might think. Nearly 20-30% of pregnant women experience some bleeding during the first 12 weeks. While it doesn’t always mean there’s a problem, it’s essential to understand when to seek medical advice.

Possible Causes of Bleeding

Implantation Bleeding: This light spotting occurs when the fertilized egg attaches to the uterine lining, usually around the time your period would have been due. It’s harmless and typically lasts a few days.
Hormonal Changes: Shifts in pregnancy hormones can sometimes trigger spotting, especially around the time your period would have occurred.
Cervical Sensitivity: The increased blood flow to the cervix can cause light bleeding, especially after sexual intercourse or a pelvic exam.
Miscarriage: Unfortunately, bleeding can sometimes indicate a miscarriage, especially if it’s heavy, bright red, or accompanied by cramps. However, not all bleeding means pregnancy loss—many women with first-trimester bleeding go on to have healthy pregnancies.
Ectopic Pregnancy: If the pregnancy grows outside the uterus, it can cause sharp pain and bleeding. This is a medical emergency and needs immediate attention.
Cervical polyp: A noncancerous growth on your cervix that bleeds in pregnancy due to higher estrogen levels.

When to Call Your Doctor

Reach out to your gynecologist if:

The bleeding is heavy, like a period (filling a pad), or accompanied by clots.
You experience severe pain, dizziness, or shoulder pain.
The bleeding is bright red and persistent.

Reassurance and Next Steps

Your doctor may recommend an ultrasound or blood tests to determine the cause of bleeding and ensure your baby is safe. It’s essential to avoid strenuous activities, stay hydrated, and rest until you consult your gynecologist.

Some treatments for vaginal bleeding during pregnancy can include:

Rest.
Avoiding sex.
Avoiding travel.
Staying in the hospital if the bleeding is severe.

Remember, first-trimester bleeding doesn’t always spell trouble, but it’s crucial to stay vigilant and informed. Contact your gynaecologist right away—it’s better to err on the side of caution for you and your baby.

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